Two Common Orchid Types
While there are many different species and hybrids of orchids, there are really only two different orchid types. The first type is the terrestrial orchid which is a species that grows on the ground. The second type is the epiphyte which grows in trees, rocks or on poles.
The terrestrial orchid species contain some of the most popular orchids. Just like other kinds of plants, some terrestrial orchids have roots that grow beneath the surface of the soil while some are considered semi-terrestrial. Semi-terrestrial orchids have both underground and aerial roots. One terrestrial orchid, the Cymbidium orchid, has 40 species plus thousands of hybrids. It was one of the first type of orchid to have been cultivated. These orchids have survival flexibility in that they not only grow on the ground but can also grow on trees and rocks. They grow extremely well in decayed leaves or in the loose humus of rotted wood. Cymbidium orchids in their natural habitat can be found in the range of Southeast Asia to Japan. They are also found in Australia. They are a perfect choice for beginners because they are easy to grow and have become very popular. And with the right care, they provide beautiful flowers every year.
An epiphyte is a plant that grows on another plant, but not in a parasitic manner, such as growing on a tree. Because the plant grows on another plant its roots will not necessarily be in soil. The best known epiphyte orchids are the Dendrobiums. Even though they are easy to grow, they need slightly more care than Cymbidiums and do not flower easily on a regular basis. There are over 1000 species of Dendrobiums. They can be found in their natural tropical habitat of Northern India, South East Asia, Australia and Polynesia. Because they require tropical conditions, Dendrobiums thrive best in warm, humid, and moist growing conditions. Another epiphyte type that is popular is the Phalaenopsis. These orchids are simple to grow and have long-lasting flowers. They are usually seen at weddings and can be found in different colors including yellows, pinks, and even stripes.
Some ephiphytic orchids grow on trees. Although they thrive on the tree, they do not depend on their nourishment from the tree. They attach themselves on branches or to the bark using their fleshy roots. The organic matter that forms and accumulates between its roots and branches is used as nutrients for the plant. These roots can also sustain the epiphytic orchids through wet and dry periods. The tough, stringy core of the root is surrounded by a spongy off-white color covering that can easily absorb water. When moisture is available, this cover will soak up the water it needs. The root will turn light green when completely saturated. The roots will retain the water and will release it gradually to the plant tissues as needed. Other species of ephiphytic orchids grow on rocks. These species thrive in locations where there is filtered light and usually where it is open and airy.
To see some photographs of orchids please go to pictures of orchid flowers.
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